Did you know that first web page was published by Tim Berners-Lee in August 1991? And that was about 20 years ago.  But, you can still access the pages. And you will find, at that time the web page still looks very ordinary with simple design.

The first of web page was a text-based website containing lists of links and information. Since then designers have been experimenting with the way websites look. Early sites were entirely text-based, with minimal images and no real layout other than just headings and paragraphs. However, the industry progressed, eventually bringing us table-based designs, then flash, and finally CSS-based designs.

Here we will see the comparison of how web pages look in past and now in present:

1. Google (1998)

Google (2011)

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Internet search engines are those exceptional sites on the Web that are designed to help people find data and information stored on other sites. There is a difference in the way that how various search engines work,  a web search engine is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web and FTP servers. The search results are generally presented in a list of results and are often called hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, videos, news information and other types of files.

Search engines have become an integral part of our lives, good news about the Internet and its most visible component, the World Wide Web, is that there are hundreds of millions of pages available online, waiting to deliver information on an amazing variety of topics. Search engines use automated software programs known as bots or spiders to survey the Web and build their databases. Web documents are found by these programs and analyzed.  Data collected from each web page are then added to the search engine index.  When we enter a query at a search engine site, our input is checked against the search engine’s index of all the web pages it has analyzed. The best URLs are then returned to us as hits, ranked in order with the best results at the top. (more…)

Karachi, a city of 18 million people and is the Commercial Hub of Pakistan but a fresh wave of violence gripped Karachi. Pakistan Human Rights Commission recently reported that more than 1,350 people had been killed in gang wars and political disputes in Karachi.  Most of the initial killings were a result of clashes between criminal gangs operating in southern Lyari, Qasba Colony, Malir and surrounding areas. One person each had been shoot down in Korangi, Malir, Baldia, Ram Swami Gulistan-e-Jauhar and various other areas of Karachi during the day.

The violence has been linked to etnical tensions between two Political Parties Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) and  Awami National Party (ANP). Thousands of ethnic Pashtuns from the northern tribal areas and sent them to this southern port, that has inflamed Karachi’s always volatile ethnic balance. Ethnic gangs have been used by political parties as foot soldiers.

Most of the dead bodies are in bad shape and show that the victims were tortured before being killed. The situation is very tense more paramilitary rangers, police and other law enforcement agencies had been deployed to the troubled areas seem to be unable to put up a stiff resistance against this onslaught. Even Innocent people does not know why the are being attacked and killed.

Political unrest is the major reason of violence in Karachi and  Government has become unable to control ethnic and politically linked violence. Gang war between mafias and clash of interests among workers of political parties have been the real cause of violence in Karachi.”

The Arabic word for Fasting (Say-yam) literally means “to refrain”  and which means not only refraining from food and drink, but also to avoid from evil actions, thoughts, and words.

Ramadan is the holiest month of the Islamic calendar Islamic Calendar, which is a  month of  fasting from sunrise to sunset and self discipline, it is widely celebrated in Pakistan. Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, which lasts 29 to 30 days. It is the Islamic month of fasting, in which participating Muslims refrain from eating and drinking and to teach Muslims about patience, spirituality , and humility. (more…)

What do we mean by “voice”?
Voice is the form of a verb that shows whether the subject of a sentence does the action (= the active voice) or is affected by it (= the passive voice).

Examples:

• In the sentence “James hit the ball,” the verb “hit” is in the active voice. In other words, the form “hit” shows that the subject (James) did the action. The sentence “James hit the ball” is an active sentence.

• In the sentence “The ball was hit by James,” the verb “was hit” is in the passive voice. In other words, the form “was hit” shows that the subject (The ball) was affected by the action. The sentence “The ball was hit by James” is a passive sentence.

Here are some more examples:
Active: The ball hit Janet.
Passive: Janet was hit / Janet was hit by the ball.

Active:   He wrote a letter.
Passive: The letter was written /
The letter was written by him.

Active: The mailman carried the mail.
Passive: The mail was carried /
The mail was carried by the mailman.

Active: Kevin took a picture.
Passive: A picture was taken / A picture was taken by Kevin.

Active: They took the kids for a walk.
Passive: They kids were taken for a walk /
The kids were taken for a walk by their moms.

Active: They took the kids for a walk.
Passive: They kids were taken for a walk /
The kids were taken for a walk by their moms.

Active or Passive?
Most of the sentences in English are active sentences.

And if you think about it, they tend to be much more simple than passive sentences.

Have a look at these sentence and see for yourself:

We ate lunch / The lunch was eaten.
I have written a book / A book was written.
They will buy a yacht / A yacht will be bought.

Which version is more simple and common?

However, in some cases, it can be useful to use the passive voice.

For example, when you want to tell about an action, but you don’t want to mention who does it:

“Joe broke the window.”
(It is clear who did it.)

“The window was broken.”
(Here you only describe the action, without mentioning who actually did it.)

Another use of the passive voice is when you want to emphasize the object and not the subject:

“Charles sold the company.”
(Here the emphasis is on Charles doing the action.)

“The company was sold.”
(Here the emphasis is on the fact that the company was sold.)

Simple Present tense

An Active sentence in the simple present tense has the following structure:
Subject + first form of the verb + object

A passive sentence in the simple present tense has the following structure:
Object of the active sentence + is/am/are + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence

Changing an assertive sentence into the passive

Active: I write a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by me.
Active: I help you.
Passive: You are helped by me.
Active: I love my parents.
Passive: My parents are loved by me.
Active: We love our country.
Passive: Our country is loved by us.

Changing a negative sentence into the passive

Active: I do not write a letter.
Passive: A letter is not written by me.
Active: I do not abuse my servants.
Passive: My servants are not abused by me.
Active: I do not write novels.
Passive: Novels are not written by me.
Active: He does not tease her.
Passive: She is not teased by him.

Changing an interrogative sentence into the passive

Structure: Is/are/am + object of the active verb + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the passive verb

Active: Do you write a letter?
Passive: Is a letter written by you?
Active: Do you write stories?
Passive: Are stories written by you?
Active: Does she make candles?
Passive: Are candles made by her?
Active: Who does not obey you?
Passive: By whom are you not obeyed?
Active: Which newspaper do you read?
Passive: Which newspaper is read by you?
Active: Does she do her duty?
Passive: Is her duty done by her?

Active (Simple Forms)
Simple Present     I drive a car
Simple Past    I drove
Present Perfect    I have driven
Past Perfect    I had driven
will-future    I will drive
Future Perfect    I will have driven
Conditional I    I would drive
Conditional II    I would have driven

Passive (Simple Forms)

Simple Present    I am driven
Simple Past    I was driven
Present Perfect    I have been driven
Past Perfect    I had been driven
will-future    I will be driven
Future Perfect    I will have been driven
Conditional I    I would be driven
Conditional II    I would have been driven

Active (Progressive/Continuous Forms)

Simple Present    I am driving
Simple Past    I was driving
Present Perfect    I have been driving
Past Perfect    I had been driving
will-future    I will be driving
Future Perfect    I will have been driving
Conditional I    I would be driving
Conditional II    I would have been driving

Passive (Progressive/Continuous Forms)

Present    I am being driven
Past    I was being driven
Present Perfect     I have been being driven
Past Perfect     I had been being driven
Future     I will be being driven
Future Perfect    I will have been being driven
Conditional I     I would be being driven
Conditional II     I would have been being driven